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This article examines the democracy-promotion efforts of Poland, a new EU member and a regional leader in the postcommunist world. Polish democracy promotion has its origin in the international solidarity tradition of the country’s anticommunist opposition movement. Poland has made concerted, if at times inconsistent, efforts to support the democratization of its eastern neighbors, primarily as part of a geopolitical security strategy to deter a resurgent Russia. While Polish efforts have helped to secure some democratization gains in Ukraine, they have had less success in autocratic Belarus.