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July 2003, Volume 14, Number 3
A Model for Post-Saddam IraqKanan Makiya
If Iraq is successfully to democratize and an inclusive democratic culture is to emerge, the Iraqi state must be reconstituted as a federal and strongly liberal system and thoroughly demilitarized.
Iraqi Opposition Report on the Transition to Democracy
Democratic Principles Working Group
Representatives of the Iraqi democratic opposition to Saddam Hussein assess what must be done to overcome the legacy of dictatorship and pave the way toward a free and democratic future for their country.
This article consists of excerpts from the Report on the Transition to Democracy in Iraq by the Iraqi Democratic Principles Working Group.
An "Arab" More Than a "Muslim" Democracy Gap
Alfred Stepan with Graeme B. Robertson
Gauging electoral competitiveness relative to economic development reveals not only that Arab countries "underperform" but, strikingly, that non-Arab Muslim-majority countries tend to "overperform."
Lessons from Bosnia and Herzegovina
- The Limits of Electoral Engineering
Carrie Manning and Miljenko Antic
This troubled corner of Europe has become a test of the ability of outside experts and carefully designed institutions to overcome a legacy of intense ethnocommunal conflict. How are they faring?
- Travails of the European Raj
Gerald Knaus and Felix Martin
Like liberals in the British East India Company more than a century ago, European and international officials have become stewards of a people's fate. The intentions are good, but will self-government result?
Richard Roll and John R. Talbott
Liberty and self-government are not only good in themselves, but also have powerful and beneficial effects on a nation's level of economic development and prosperity.
Democracy, Dictatorship, and Infant Mortality Revisited
Patricio Navia and Thomas D. Zweifel
New data covering most of the 1990s reveal that democracy, even when minimally defined, has a potent independent impact that tends to reduce infant mortality and promote overall social well-being.
For information on the technical aspects of this essay, click on either of the following links:
1. Excel file (contains all the data used in the article)
2. Batch file (used to run the statistics mentioned in the essay)
Why Post-Settlement Settlements?
Pierre du Toit
The decaying trajectory of democratization in South Africa represents a kind of settlement failure, resulting from the main parties in the transition having come to the table with incompatible cultural paradigms of negotiation.
Tibet: Exiles' Journey
Lobsang Sangay
Almost a half-century after being forced from their homeland, Tibetans abroad, led by the Dalai Lama, have democratized their institutions in hopes that they may one day form the basis for a free and self-governing Tibet.
Nigeria: Elections in a Fragile Regime
Peter M. Lewis
The election cycle concluding in the spring of 2003 was a guarded success. High hurdles to better governance and democratic consolidation remain, but Nigerians can now face them with greater hope.
Kenya: Third Time Lucky?
Stephen N. Ndegwa
After falling short in 1992 and 1997, Kenya's large but fractious opposition coalition swept to victory at the polls in 2002. Transition has arrived, but can democratic transformation follow?
Africa: States in Crisis
Richard Joseph
Democratic and economic development will become sustainable in sub-Saharan Africa only with the emergence of coherent, legitimate, and effective states.
Books in Review
- Measuring Democratic Commitment
Thomas O. Melia
A review of Defending Democracy: A Global Survey of Foreign Policy Trends 1992-2002 by Robert G. Herman and Theodore J. Piccone, eds.
- After the Shooting Stops
Roy Licklider
A review of Ending Civil Wars: The Implementation of Peace Agreements by Stephen John Stedman, Donald Rothchild, and Elizabeth M. Cousens, eds.
Election Watch
- Brief reports on elections in Argentina, Armenia, Belize, Benin, El Salvador, Montenegro, Nigeria, Paraguay, and Yemen.
Documents on Democracy
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Excerpts from the inaugural speech of Kenya's newly elected president, Emilio Mwai Kibaki of the National Alliance Rainbow Coalition.
- A statement by the International Movement of Parliamentarians for Democracy condemning the recent crackdown on Cuban dissidents.
- Excerpts from a speech by OAS secretary general Cesar Gaviria at a March 2003 conference on "Financing Democracy: Political Parties, Campaigns, and Elections," organized by the Carter Center and the Organization of American States' Inter-American Forum on Political Parties.
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