Khehla Shubane, who was imprisoned for five years on Robben Island because of his antiapartheid activities, is a research officer at the Center for Policy Studies of the University of Witwatersrand in Johannesburg.
In a surprising turn of events, opposition candidate Muhammadu Buhari was able to outpoll incumbent Goodluck Jonathan—and the latter peacefully acknowledged his defeat.
Staffan Lindberg replies to Matthijs Bogaards’s critique, finding the latter’s methodology problematic and arguing that the evidence for association between repeated elections and democratization remains strong.