ELECTION RESULTS (June 1992-September 1992)
Angola: Presidential and legislative elections were scheduled for 29-30 September 1992. Results will be reported in our next issue.
Bahamas: On 19 August 1992, Hubert Ingraham’s Free National Movement won 31 of 49 seats in the House of Assembly, ending the 25 year reign of Prime Minister Sir Lynden Pindling’s Progressive Liberal Party, which won only 17 seats. One seat remains to be contested.
Burkina Faso: On 21 May 1992, elections were held for the 107-seat unicameral National Assembly. President Blaise Compaoré’s Organization for Popular Democracy-Labor Movement (ODP-MT) won 78 seats, and its ally, the National Convention of Progressive Patriots-Social Democratic Party (CNPP-PSD), won 13 seats. The African Democratic Rally won 5; the Alliance for Democracy and Federation, 4; the African Independence Party, 2; and 5 other parties 1 seat each.
Congo: After the second round of elections to the 125-seat National Assembly on 21 July 1992, the Pan-African Union for Social Democracy (UPADS) emerged with 39 seats; the Congolese Movement for Democracy and Integral Development (MCDDI), 29; and the Congolese Labor Party (PCT), 19. Smaller parties divided 30 seats, and independents won 8. Indirect senatorial elections were held on July 26. Of 60 seats, UPADS gained 23 and MCDDI, 14. The remaining 23 seats were claimed by smaller parties and independents. In a presidential election runoff on August 16, Pascal Lissouba of UPADS won 61.3 percent of the vote while Bernard Kolelas of MCDDI took 38.7 percent. The PCT endorsed Lissouba after its candidate, incumbent Denis Sassou-Nguesso, finished third in first-round voting on August 8. [End Page 130]
Croatia: Both resident and emigré Croats voted in the country’s first elections as an independent state on 2 August 1992. In the presidential race, incumbent Franjo Tudjman retained his office, winning a first-round victory in a field of eight candidates with 56.7 percent of the vote, easily outdistancing runner-up Dražen Budiša, who took 21.9 percent. In the 138-seat House of Representatives, the lower chamber of the Sabor, Tudjman’s Croatian Democratic Union won 85 seats; Budiša’s Croatian Social Liberal Party, 14; the Social Democratic Party-Party of Democratic Changes, 11; and seven other parties and independent candidates, 28.
Czech and Slovak Federative Republic: The 5-6 June 1992 elections resulted in a split between the Czech and Slovak parts of the federation that seems likely to lead to the breakup of the country. Václav Klaus’s Czech Civic Democratic Party won a total of 85 seats in the 300-seat Federal Assembly. Among the other Czech parties, the ex-communist Left Bloc took 34 seats; the Social Democrats, 16; the Republicans, 14; the Christian Democrats, 13; and the Liberal Social Union, 12. Vladimir Meciar’s Movement for a Democratic Slovakia won 57 seats. The Slovak ex-communist Democratic Left won 23; the Slovak National Party, 15; the Christian Democrats, 14; the Hungarian party, 12; and the Social Democrats, 5. Since President Váiclav Havel’s resignation on July 17, there has been no federal president; the parliament’s next attempt to choose a president was scheduled for 24 September 1992.
Ecuador: In a presidential runoff election held 5 July 1992, Sixto Durán Ballén of the Republican Unity Party defeated Jaime Nebot Saadi of the Social Christian Party by taking 56.4 percent of the vote to Nebot’s 43.6 percent.
Estonia: Presidential and legislative elections are scheduled for 20 September 1992. Results will be reported in our next issue.
Indonesia: In final results from elections on 9 June 1992, President Suharto’s Golkar coalition won 282 of the 400 elected seats in the House of Representatives, 17 fewer than in the previous legislature. The Muslim-based United Development Party (PPP) won 62 seats, and the nationalist Indonesian Democratic Party (PDI) won 56.
Mongolia: In the nation’s first elections under its new constitution on 28 June 1992, the ruling ex-communist Mongolian People’s Revolutionary Party (MPRP) shocked the democratic opposition by winning 56.9 percent of the vote and 70 of 76 seats in the unicameral Great People’s Hural. Opposition parties split the remaining votes and could not muster more than 5 seats. An independent won 1 seat. [End Page 131]
Nigeria: Elections to the new bicameral National Assembly were held on 4 July 1992. The Social Democratic Party won 317 of the 593 seats in the House of Representatives and 53 of 91 Senate seats. The more conservative National Republican Convention won 276 House and 38 Senate seats.
Papua New Guinea: During 15-26 June 1992, elections were held for the 109-member unicameral House of Assembly. The People’s Democratic Movement formed a coalition to elect Paias Wingti prime minister on 17 July 1992 by a 55-54 vote, defeating the coalition of former premier Rabbie Namaliu of the Pangu Party.
Philippines: Fidel Ramos won the 11 May 1992 presidential election with only 23.6 percent of the vote. For a full accounting of the presidential and legislative election results, see the table on p. 118 above.
Romania: Presidential and parliamentary elections were scheduled for 27 September 1992. Results will be reported in our next issue.
Thailand: Parliamentary elections were scheduled for 13 September 1992. Results will be reported in our next issue.
UPCOMING ELECTIONS (October 1992-September 1993)
Burundi: presidential/legislative, March 1993
Cameroon: presidential, 11 October 1992
Cyprus: presidential/legislative, February 1993
Georgia: parliamentary, 11 October 1992
Ghana: presidential, 3 November 1992; parliamentary, 8 December 1992
Guinea: presidential/legislative, November-December 1992*
Guinea-Bissau: presidential/legislative, November-December 1992*
Guyana: presidential/legislative, 5 October 1992
Kenya: presidential/legislative, by 22 February 1993
Kuwait: parliamentary, 5 October 1992 [End Page 132]
Lithuania: parliamentary, 25 October 1992
Mongolia: presidential, June 1993*
Niger: presidential, November-December 1992*
Nigeria: presidential, 5 December 1992
Papua New Guinea: presidential, 5 December 1992
Senegal: presidential, February 1993; legislative, May 1993*
Sierra Leone: presidential, November 1992*
Solomon Islands: parliamentary, 1 February 1993
South Korea: presidential, mid-December 1992
Togo: legislative, October-November 1992; presidential, December 1992
Taiwan: legislative, December 1992
Yemen: parliamentary, November 1992
* tentative
Election Watch provides reports of recently decided and upcoming elections in postcommunist and developing countries. Elections in nondemocratic nations are included when they exhibit a significant element of genuine competition or, in the case of upcoming elections, when they represent an important test of progress toward democracy. This information is current as we go to press; however, election dates are often moved due to changing circumstances. The data in Election Watch are provided by the International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES), a private, nonprofit education and research foundation that assists in monitoring, supporting, and strengthening the mechanics of the electoral process worldwide. For additional information, contact: IFES, 1620 1 Street, N.W., Suite 611, Washington, DC 20006; (202) 828-8507. [End Page 133]