Mário Soares (1924–2017)

Issue Date April 2017
Volume 28
Issue 2
Page Numbers 176-177
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About the Author

João Carlos Espada is the founder and director of the Institute for Political Studies at the Catholic University of Portugal. From 2011 to 2013, he held the European Parliament/Bronisław Geremek European Civilisation Chair at the College of Europe, Natolin (Warsaw).

View all work by João Carlos Espada

Further Reading

Volume 7, Issue 1

Nation Building in the Former USSR

Read the full essay here.

Volume 31, Issue 2

The Pushback Against Populism: The Rise and Fall of Greece’s New Illiberalism

Escaping the populist trap requires reversing the sequence that brings populists to power in the first place. The 2019 triumph of Greece’s liberal New Democracy party shows how victory can…

Volume 28, Issue 3

The Real Lessons of the Interwar Years

Analogies with interwar Europe are often misdirected. In the 1920s and 1930s, regime breakdowns occurred in struggling new democracies, but established democratic systems exhibited remarkable endurance.